在当今建筑领域，外墙保温的意义已远超单纯的节能范畴。随着全球对可持续发展的重视以及人们对生活品质追求的提升，外墙保温成为建筑节能降耗、践行绿色环保理念的关键一环。它不仅能有效降低建筑能耗，助力实现节能减排的宏伟目标，还能为居住者营造出四季如春、静谧舒适的生活空间，极大地提升居住体验。在众多保温材料中，外墙岩棉板凭借其卓越的性能优势，一跃成为外墙保温工程的宠儿。其极低的导热系数，如同给建筑披上了一层高效的隔热铠甲，能最大限度地阻止热量在墙体间的传导，确保室内温度稳定，显著降低空调、暖气等设备的运转频率，为节能减排做出切实贡献。出色的防火阻燃特性，更是让其在火灾发生时成为可靠的防火墙，有效延缓火势蔓延，为人员疏散和消防救援争取宝贵时间。而且，外墙岩棉板具备极佳的化学稳定性，在复杂多变的自然环境中，能长期保持稳定性能，不易老化、变质。正是这些突出特性，使得外墙岩棉板在建筑外墙保温工程中占据了重要地位。然而，要充分发挥其优势，一套科学、严谨的施工方案是不可或缺的，它直接关系到整个外墙保温系统的质量优劣与使用效果。接下来，就让我们深入到外墙岩棉板施工方案的每一个细微环节，全面剖析这一关乎建筑品质的核心要素。

　　In today's construction field, the significance of external wall insulation has far exceeded the scope of simple energy conservation. With the global emphasis on sustainable development and the increasing pursuit of quality of life, external wall insulation has become a key part of building energy conservation, consumption reduction, and the implementation of green environmental protection concepts. It can not only effectively reduce building energy consumption and help achieve the grand goal of energy conservation and emission reduction, but also create a peaceful and comfortable living space for residents throughout the year, greatly enhancing the living experience. Among numerous insulation materials, rock wool board for exterior walls has become the darling of exterior wall insulation engineering due to its outstanding performance advantages. Its extremely low thermal conductivity is like putting an efficient insulation armor on the building, which can prevent heat conduction between walls to the maximum extent, ensure stable indoor temperature, significantly reduce the operating frequency of air conditioning, heating and other equipment, and make practical contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction. The excellent fire and flame retardant properties make it a reliable firewall in the event of a fire, effectively delaying the spread of the fire and buying valuable time for personnel evacuation and firefighting rescue. Moreover, the exterior rock wool board has excellent chemical stability, which can maintain stable performance for a long time in complex and changing natural environments, and is not easily aged or deteriorated. It is precisely these outstanding characteristics that make the exterior rock wool board occupy an important position in building exterior wall insulation engineering. However, to fully leverage its advantages, a scientific and rigorous construction plan is indispensable, as it directly affects the quality and effectiveness of the entire exterior wall insulation system. Next, let's delve into every subtle aspect of the construction plan for the exterior wall rock wool board, and comprehensively analyze this core element that is related to building quality.

　　施工前准备材料准备

　　Preparation of materials before construction

　　1.外墙岩棉板：作为外墙保温系统的核心材料，外墙岩棉板的质量是决定整个工程成败的关键。在选择岩棉板时，必须严格遵循设计要求，对各项性能指标进行细致入微的把控。一块优质的岩棉板，其导热系数通常在?0.04W/（m?K）以下，这意味着热量在通过岩棉板时会受到极大阻碍，室内的冷热空气难以与外界进行热交换，从而实现高效保温，为室内温度的稳定提供坚实保障。良好的憎水性也是评判岩棉板质量的重要标准，优质岩棉板的憎水率可达?98%?以上，这使得它在面对雨水、潮湿空气等恶劣环境时，能够有效阻止水分渗透，避免因受潮而导致保温性能大幅下降。同时，在施工及长期使用过程中，岩棉板需承受一定的压力和拉力，因此其抗压强度一般应不低于?40KPa，抗拉强度不低于?10KPa，这样才能确保岩棉板在各种情况下都能保持完整的结构，不发生变形或损坏。

　　1. Exterior wall rock wool board: As the core material of the exterior wall insulation system, the quality of the exterior wall rock wool board is the key to determining the success or failure of the entire project. When choosing rock wool board, it is necessary to strictly follow the design requirements and carefully control various performance indicators. What is the thermal conductivity of a high-quality rock wool board? Below 0.04W/(m? K), this means that heat will be greatly hindered when passing through the rock wool board, making it difficult for the indoor hot and cold air to exchange heat with the outside, thus achieving efficient insulation and providing a solid guarantee for the stability of indoor temperature. Good hydrophobicity is also an important criterion for evaluating the quality of rock wool board. The hydrophobicity rate of high-quality rock wool board can reach? 98%? Above all, this enables it to effectively prevent moisture infiltration when facing harsh environments such as rainwater and humid air, avoiding a significant decrease in insulation performance due to moisture. Meanwhile, during construction and long-term use, rock wool board needs to withstand certain pressure and tension, so its compressive strength should generally not be lower than? 40KPa， Is the tensile strength not lower than? 10KPa， This can ensure that the rock wool board can maintain its intact structure in various situations, without deformation or damage.

　　2.粘结剂：粘结剂在整个保温系统中扮演着连接岩棉板与基层墙体的关键角色，其性能优劣直接决定了保温系统的稳定性。一款优质的粘结剂，其粘结强度必须足够高，通常与岩棉板的拉伸粘结强度应不低于?0.1MPa，且破坏部位应位于岩棉板内，这表明粘结剂与岩棉板之间形成了极为牢固的结合，能够有效抵御日常风吹日晒、温度剧烈变化等外界因素的影响。在耐候性方面，粘结剂需具备出色的性能，无论是在严寒的北方冬季，还是在高温多雨的南方夏季，都能始终保持稳定的粘结效果，不会出现老化、脱落等问题。这就要求粘结剂在研发过程中，选用优质的原材料，并经过严格的耐候性测试，确保在复杂多变的自然环境中，依然能够为保温系统提供可靠的粘结保障。

　　2. Adhesive: Adhesive plays a key role in connecting rock wool board and base wall in the entire insulation system, and its performance directly determines the stability of the insulation system. A high-quality adhesive must have a sufficiently high bonding strength, and the tensile bonding strength with rock wool board should not be lower than? 0.1MPa， And the damaged part should be located inside the rock wool board, indicating that the adhesive has formed an extremely strong bond with the rock wool board, which can effectively resist the influence of external factors such as daily wind and sun exposure, and drastic temperature changes. In terms of weather resistance, the adhesive needs to have excellent performance, whether it is in the cold northern winter or the hot and rainy southern summer, it can always maintain a stable bonding effect without aging, peeling and other problems. This requires the use of high-quality raw materials and rigorous weather resistance testing in the development process of adhesives to ensure reliable bonding protection for insulation systems in complex and changing natural environments.

　　3.锚固件：锚固件作为保温系统的?“安全卫士”，为岩棉板与墙体的连接增添了一道坚固的防线。其材质的选择至关重要，一般选用不锈钢或经过特殊防腐处理的金属材质，以确保在长期使用过程中，不会因生锈腐蚀而影响其锚固性能。锚固件的规格确定则需要综合考虑多种因素，包括工程所在地的风荷载大小、墙体材质以及岩棉板的厚度等。以沿海地区的高层建筑为例，由于海风较大，风荷载对保温系统的影响显著，此时就需要选用直径较大、长度较长且锚固力更强的锚固件，一般来说，锚固件的有效锚固深度应不小于?25mm，才能确保在强风等恶劣天气条件下，岩棉板能够稳稳地固定在墙体上，避免发生脱落危险。

　　3. Anchors: Are anchors used as insulation systems? The 'security guard' adds a strong line of defense to the connection between the rock wool board and the wall. The selection of its material is crucial. Generally, stainless steel or metal materials that have undergone special anti-corrosion treatment are chosen to ensure that their anchoring performance will not be affected by rust and corrosion during long-term use. The determination of anchor specifications requires comprehensive consideration of various factors, including the wind load size of the project location, wall material, and thickness of rock wool board. Taking high-rise buildings in coastal areas as an example, due to the strong sea breeze, the wind load has a significant impact on the insulation system. At this time, it is necessary to choose anchors with larger diameter, longer length, and stronger anchoring force. Generally speaking, the effective anchoring depth of anchors should not be less than? 25mm， Only then can we ensure that the rock wool board can be firmly fixed on the wall under harsh weather conditions such as strong winds, avoiding the risk of falling off.

　　4.耐碱玻纤网格布：耐碱玻纤网格布是增强墙面抗裂性能和整体性的重要材料。它具有高强度、低延伸率的特性，其断裂强力一般经向不低于?1250N/50mm，纬向不低于?1000N/50mm，这使得它能够在墙面因温度变化、地基沉降等原因产生应力时，有效分散这些应力，从而避免墙面出现裂缝。同时，网格布表面经过特殊的耐碱处理，能够在碱性环境中保持稳定的性能。因为在建筑施工过程中，墙面基层往往呈碱性，若网格布不耐碱，其强度会随着时间推移而逐渐降低，无法发挥应有的抗裂作用。经过耐碱处理的网格布，能够大大延长其使用寿命，为墙面的长期稳定性提供保障。

　　4. Alkali resistant fiberglass mesh fabric: Alkali resistant fiberglass mesh fabric is an important material for enhancing the crack resistance and overall integrity of walls. It has the characteristics of high strength and low elongation, and its fracture strength is generally not lower than? 1250N/50mm， Is the latitude not lower than? 1000N/50mm， This enables it to effectively disperse the stress generated on the wall due to temperature changes, foundation settlement, and other reasons, thereby avoiding cracks on the wall. At the same time, the surface of the mesh cloth has undergone special alkali resistance treatment, which can maintain stable performance in alkaline environments. Because during the construction process, the base layer of the wall is often alkaline. If the mesh cloth is not alkali resistant, its strength will gradually decrease over time and it will not be able to exert its expected crack resistance. The alkali resistant mesh cloth can greatly extend its service life and provide guarantee for the long-term stability of the wall.

　　工具准备

　　Tool preparation

　　1.电动搅拌器：电动搅拌器在施工过程中承担着搅拌粘结剂和抹面胶浆的重要任务，其工作状态直接影响材料的混合效果和使用性能。在施工前，务必对电动搅拌器进行全面检查。启动搅拌器，观察电机运转是否平稳、顺畅，有无异常噪音或卡顿现象。同时，仔细检查搅拌叶片是否有损坏、变形，若叶片出现问题，在搅拌过程中会导致材料搅拌不均匀，影响粘结剂和抹面胶浆的性能。一旦发现问题，应及时进行维修或更换，以确保搅拌工作能够顺利进行，保证施工进度不受影响。

　　1. Electric mixer: The electric mixer plays an important role in mixing adhesives and plastering slurry during the construction process, and its working state directly affects the mixing effect and performance of the materials. Before construction, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the electric mixer. Start the mixer and observe whether the motor runs smoothly and steadily, and whether there are any abnormal noises or lagging phenomena. At the same time, carefully check whether the mixing blades are damaged or deformed. If there is a problem with the blades, it will cause uneven mixing of the material during the mixing process, which will affect the performance of the adhesive and plaster. Once a problem is discovered, it should be repaired or replaced in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of the mixing work and ensure that the construction schedule is not affected.

　　2.锯齿抹子：锯齿抹子在涂抹粘结剂和抹面胶浆时发挥着独特作用。它能够使材料涂抹得更加均匀，并且形成特定的条纹状。这些条纹增加了材料与岩棉板和墙面的接触面积，从而显著提高粘结效果。在使用锯齿抹子前，要认真检查锯齿是否锋利、整齐。若锯齿出现磨损、缺口等情况，在涂抹材料时会导致涂抹厚度不均匀，影响粘结质量。对于磨损严重的锯齿抹子，应及时更换，以保证施工质量符合标准。

　　2. Sawtooth trowel: Sawtooth trowels play a unique role in applying adhesives and surface coatings. It can make the material applied more evenly and form specific stripes. These stripes increase the contact area between the material and the rock wool board and wall, thereby significantly improving the bonding effect. Before using a serrated spatula, carefully check if the serrations are sharp and neat. If the serrations show wear, gaps, etc., it will cause uneven coating thickness when applying materials, affecting the bonding quality. For severely worn serrated trowels, they should be replaced in a timely manner to ensure that the construction quality meets the standards.

　　3.靠尺：靠尺是检查墙面平整度和岩棉板铺贴平整度的关键工具。在整个施工过程中，需要频繁使用靠尺进行测量和调整。靠尺的准确性直接关系到墙面和岩棉板的平整度是否符合规范要求。在使用前，要仔细检查靠尺是否有弯曲变形，刻度是否清晰准确。可以将靠尺放置在水平的平台上，观察其是否能够保持水平，若靠尺出现弯曲，测量结果将出现偏差，导致墙面或岩棉板铺贴不平整。同时，刻度不清晰也会影响测量的准确性，因此必须确保靠尺处于良好的工作状态。

　　3. Measuring tape: Measuring tape is a key tool for checking the flatness of wall surfaces and the flatness of rock wool board paving. Throughout the construction process, it is necessary to frequently use a ruler for measurement and adjustment. The accuracy of the ruler is directly related to whether the flatness of the wall and rock wool board meets the regulatory requirements. Before use, carefully check whether the ruler is bent or deformed, and whether the scale is clear and accurate. You can place the ruler on a horizontal platform and observe whether it can maintain its level. If the ruler bends, the measurement results will deviate, resulting in uneven wall or rock wool board paving. At the same time, unclear scales can also affect the accuracy of measurements, so it is necessary to ensure that the ruler is in good working condition.

　　4.壁纸刀：壁纸刀主要用于裁剪岩棉板和耐碱玻纤网格布，使其尺寸精准符合施工要求。在施工过程中，保持壁纸刀的锋利至关重要。锋利的壁纸刀能够轻松、准确地进行裁剪，保证裁剪边缘整齐、光滑，有利于后续的铺贴工作。若壁纸刀变钝，不仅裁剪困难，还可能导致裁剪边缘参差不齐，影响施工质量。在使用壁纸刀时，务必注意安全，避免因操作不当划伤手指。

　　4. Wallpaper knife: The wallpaper knife is mainly used to cut rock wool boards and alkali resistant fiberglass mesh cloth, making their size precise and meet the construction requirements. It is crucial to maintain the sharpness of the wallpaper knife during the construction process. A sharp wallpaper knife can easily and accurately cut, ensuring neat and smooth cutting edges, which is beneficial for subsequent tiling work. If the wallpaper knife becomes dull, it not only makes cutting difficult, but may also lead to uneven cutting edges, affecting the quality of construction. When using a wallpaper knife, be sure to pay attention to safety and avoid scratching your fingers due to improper operation.

　　5.电钻：安装锚固件时，电钻用于在墙体和岩棉板上钻孔。施工前，要检查电钻的电池电量是否充足，确保在施工过程中不会因电量不足而中断工作。同时，检查钻头是否锋利，锋利的钻头能够提高钻孔效率，保证钻孔质量。此外，要根据锚固件的规格准确选择合适的钻头直径。若钻头直径过大或过小，都会影响锚固件的安装效果，无法保证其锚固牢固性。

　　5. Electric drill: When installing anchor components, an electric drill is used to drill holes in walls and rock wool boards. Before construction, it is necessary to check whether the battery level of the electric drill is sufficient to ensure that the work will not be interrupted due to insufficient power during the construction process. At the same time, check if the drill bit is sharp. A sharp drill bit can improve drilling efficiency and ensure drilling quality. In addition, it is necessary to accurately select the appropriate drill bit diameter based on the specifications of the anchor. If the diameter of the drill bit is too large or too small, it will affect the installation effect of the anchor and cannot guarantee its anchoring firmness.

　　基层处理

　　Grassroots treatment

　　1.表面清理：基层墙体表面的清洁状况是影响粘结效果的首要因素。在施工前，必须对墙体表面进行彻底清理，确保无油污、脱模剂、灰尘等任何妨碍粘结的附着物。对于油污和脱模剂，这些物质会在墙体表面形成一层隔离膜，严重阻碍粘结剂与墙体的有效粘结。因此，需要使用专用的清洁剂进行清洗，清洁剂能够溶解油污和脱模剂，然后用大量清水冲洗干净，确保墙体表面无残留。对于灰尘，可采用扫帚先进行初步清扫，去除大面积的灰尘，再使用吸尘器进行细致清理，将墙体表面的微小灰尘颗粒彻底清除，为后续的粘结工作创造良好的基础条件。

　　1. Surface cleaning: The cleanliness of the surface of the base wall is the primary factor affecting the bonding effect. Before construction, the surface of the wall must be thoroughly cleaned to ensure that there are no oil stains, release agents, dust, or any other attachments that hinder bonding. For oil stains and release agents, these substances will form a layer of isolation film on the surface of the wall, seriously hindering the effective bonding between the adhesive and the wall. Therefore, it is necessary to use specialized cleaning agents for cleaning, which can dissolve oil stains and release agents, and then rinse thoroughly with a large amount of water to ensure that there are no residues on the wall surface. For dust, a broom can be used for initial cleaning to remove large areas of dust, and then a vacuum cleaner can be used for detailed cleaning to thoroughly remove small dust particles on the surface of the wall, creating a good foundation for subsequent bonding work.

　　2.平整度检查与找平：使用靠尺对基层墙体的平整度进行全面、细致的检查。规范要求基层墙体的平整度误差应控制在?±4mm?以内，若偏差超出此范围，就需要进行找平处理。对于墙面局部不平整的部位，如小面积的凹陷或凸起，可采用水泥砂浆进行修补。将水泥砂浆涂抹在不平整处，用抹子进行抹平、压实，使其与周围墙面平齐。对于大面积不平整的墙面，则需采用专用的墙面找平材料进行找平。这些找平材料具有良好的流动性和粘结性，能够更好地适应大面积墙面的找平需求。在找平过程中，要多次使用靠尺进行测量，确保找平后的墙面平整度符合规范要求，为后续岩棉板的铺贴提供平整、坚实的基层。

　　2. Flatness inspection and leveling: Use a ruler to conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection of the flatness of the base wall. What is the standard requirement to control the flatness error of the base wall within? Within ± 4mm, if the deviation exceeds this range, leveling treatment is required. For locally uneven parts of the wall, such as small depressions or protrusions, cement mortar can be used for repair. Apply cement mortar to uneven areas, smooth and compact with a trowel to make it flush with the surrounding walls. For large areas of uneven walls, specialized wall leveling materials need to be used for leveling. These leveling materials have good fluidity and adhesion, which can better adapt to the leveling needs of large areas of walls. During the leveling process, it is necessary to use a ruler multiple times to measure and ensure that the flatness of the leveled wall meets the standard requirements, providing a smooth and solid base for the subsequent laying of rock wool boards.

　　施工流程详解粘结剂涂抹

　　Construction process detailed explanation of adhesive application

　　1.满粘法：满粘法是将粘结剂均匀、全面地涂抹在岩棉板的整个背面，形成一层连续、完整且无任何间隙的粘结层。这种涂抹方式能够为岩棉板提供最大的粘结面积，从而产生最强的粘结力。在一些对保温系统粘结强度要求极高的工程中，如高层建筑外墙保温，由于其面临的风力、重力等外力作用较大，满粘法成为首选。在涂抹粘结剂时，需使用锯齿抹子将粘结剂均匀地刮涂在岩棉板背面，涂抹厚度要严格控制在?3 - 5?毫米之间。过薄的粘结层可能导致粘结力不足，在使用过程中岩棉板容易脱落；而过厚的粘结层则会造成材料浪费，且可能影响粘结效果。刮涂完成后，应迅速将岩棉板铺贴到基层墙体上，因为粘结剂在空气中暴露时间过长会逐渐干燥，降低粘结性能，所以要确保在粘结剂未干燥前完成铺贴工作。

　　1. Full adhesion method: The full adhesion method is to evenly and comprehensively apply the adhesive to the entire back of the rock wool board, forming a continuous, complete and seamless bonding layer. This application method can provide the maximum bonding area for the rock wool board, thereby generating the strongest bonding force. In some projects that require extremely high bonding strength for insulation systems, such as high-rise building exterior wall insulation, due to the significant external forces such as wind and gravity, the full bonding method has become the preferred method. When applying adhesive, a serrated trowel should be used to evenly scrape the adhesive onto the back of the rock wool board, and the thickness of the application should be strictly controlled? 3 - 5? Between millimeters. An excessively thin bonding layer may result in insufficient bonding strength, and the rock wool board is prone to detachment during use; However, an excessively thick bonding layer can result in material waste and may affect the bonding effect. After the scraping coating is completed, the rock wool board should be quickly laid on the base wall, because the adhesive will gradually dry and reduce the bonding performance if exposed to air for too long. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the laying work is completed before the adhesive dries.

　　2.条粘法：条粘法是在岩棉板背面按照一定的间距涂抹若干条粘结剂带。这种方法适用于基层墙体平整度较好的情况，相比满粘法，它能够在保证一定粘结效果的前提下，节省部分粘结剂材料。在采用条粘法时，粘结剂带的宽度一般设定在?50 - 100?毫米之间，间距为?100 - 150?毫米，涂抹厚度同样控制在?3 - 5?毫米。在涂抹过程中，要使用锯齿抹子将粘结剂带涂抹得均匀、饱满，确保每条粘结剂带的连续性和均匀性。涂抹完成后，需仔细检查粘结剂带是否存在断点、厚度不均匀等问题，若有问题应及时进行修补，以保证粘结效果。

　　2. Strip bonding method: Strip bonding method is to apply several adhesive strips at certain intervals on the back of rock wool board. This method is suitable for situations where the flatness of the base wall is good. Compared to the full bonding method, it can save some adhesive materials while ensuring a certain bonding effect. When using the strip bonding method, the width of the adhesive tape is generally set at? 50 - 100? What is the distance between millimeters? 100 - 150? Millimeters, is the coating thickness also controlled within? 3 - 5? Millimeters. During the application process, a serrated trowel should be used to evenly and fully apply the adhesive tape, ensuring the continuity and uniformity of each adhesive tape. After application, it is necessary to carefully check whether the adhesive tape has any breakpoints, uneven thickness, or other issues. If there are any problems, they should be repaired in a timely manner to ensure the bonding effect.

　　岩棉板铺贴

　　Laying of rock wool board

　　1.铺贴顺序：岩棉板的铺贴必须严格遵循自下而上、沿水平方向进行的原则。施工从墙体底部的边角处开始，这是因为底部边角是整个墙面的基础，从这里开始铺贴能够更好地控制铺贴的平整度和垂直度。逐块向上铺贴时，每一层岩棉板都要确保水平，可使用水平尺进行测量。在铺贴过程中，要特别注意相邻岩棉板之间的拼接，板与板之间应紧密贴合，不留任何缝隙。若出现缝隙过大的情况，会影响保温效果，还可能导致墙面出现冷热桥现象。此时，应及时调整岩棉板的位置，使其紧密拼接；若缝隙过大无法通过调整位置解决，则需使用小块岩棉板进行填充，确保墙面的保温性能不受影响。

　　1. Laying sequence: The laying of rock wool board must strictly follow the principle of bottom-up and horizontal direction. The construction starts from the bottom corner of the wall, because the bottom corner is the foundation of the entire wall. Starting from here can better control the flatness and verticality of the paving. When laying the rock wool board piece by piece, each layer should be ensured to be level, and a level ruler can be used for measurement. During the laying process, special attention should be paid to the splicing between adjacent rock wool boards, and the boards should be tightly adhered without leaving any gaps. If there is a gap that is too large, it will affect the insulation effect and may also cause cold and hot bridges on the wall. At this point, the position of the rock wool board should be adjusted in a timely manner to ensure a tight joint; If the gap is too large to be solved by adjusting the position, small rock wool boards need to be used for filling to ensure that the insulation performance of the wall is not affected.

　　2.平整度检查与调整：每铺贴完一块岩棉板，都要立即使用靠尺对其平整度进行检查。将靠尺水平放置在岩棉板表面，检查板与靠尺之间是否存在缝隙。规范要求岩棉板铺贴后的平整度偏差应控制在?±3mm?以内，若发现平整度偏差超出此范围，应立即使用橡皮锤等工具对岩棉板进行轻轻敲击调整。敲击时要注意力度均匀，避免因用力过猛导致岩棉板损坏。同时，在铺贴过程中，还要时刻关注岩棉板的垂直度，可使用线坠进行测量，确保整个墙面的垂直度误差在规范允许范围内，保证墙面的美观和保温系统的稳定性。

　　2. Flatness inspection and adjustment: After laying a rock wool board, immediately use a ruler to check its flatness. Place the ruler horizontally on the surface of the rock wool board and check for any gaps between the board and the ruler. The standard requires that the flatness deviation of rock wool board after laying should be controlled within? Within ± 3mm, if the flatness deviation is found to exceed this range, a rubber hammer or other tool should be used immediately to gently tap and adjust the rock wool board. When striking, pay attention to even force to avoid damaging the rock wool board due to excessive force. At the same time, during the laying process, it is necessary to constantly pay attention to the verticality of the rock wool board, which can be measured using a plumb line to ensure that the verticality error of the entire wall surface is within the allowable range of the specifications, ensuring the beauty of the wall surface and the stability of the insulation system.

　　锚固件安装

　　Anchor installation

　　1.安装时机：锚固件的安装时机至关重要。应在岩棉板粘贴牢固后进行，一般需要等待粘结剂达到一定的固化强度，通常这个时间为?24 - 48?小时。这是因为在粘结剂未完全固化时，岩棉板与墙体之间的粘结力较弱，此时安装锚固件，在钻孔、敲击等操作过程中，极有可能导致岩棉板松动，影响保温系统的整体稳定性。而过晚安装锚固件，则会影响施工进度，延误工程周期。因此，必须严格把握好锚固件的安装时机，确保施工质量与进度的平衡。

　　1. Installation timing: The timing of anchor installation is crucial. It should be done after the rock wool board is firmly pasted, usually waiting for the adhesive to reach a certain curing strength. What is the usual time for this? 24 - 48? Hour. This is because when the adhesive is not fully cured, the bonding force between the rock wool board and the wall is weak. At this time, installing anchor components during drilling, tapping, and other operations is highly likely to cause the rock wool board to loosen, affecting the overall stability of the insulation system. Installing anchor components too late will affect the construction progress and delay the project cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly grasp the installation timing of anchor components to ensure a balance between construction quality and progress.

　　2.安装位置：根据设计要求，在岩棉板四角及板缝中间位置确定锚固件的安装点。一般情况下，每平方米岩棉板上的锚固件数量不少于?6?个。对于高层建筑或风荷载较大的地区，由于保温系统承受的外力更大，为了确保岩棉板的牢固性，应适当增加锚固件的数量，有的地区甚至要求每平方米锚固件数量达到?8 - 10?个。在确定安装点后，使用电钻在墙体和岩棉板上钻孔，钻孔深度应略大于锚固件的有效锚固长度，一般钻孔深度要比锚固件有效锚固长度深?5 - 10mm，这样才能保证锚固件能够充分锚固在墙体中，提供足够的锚固力。

　　2. Installation position: According to the design requirements, determine the installation point of the anchor at the four corners of the rock wool board and the middle position of the board seam. In general, the number of anchor components on each square meter of rock wool board should not be less than? 6? One. For high-rise buildings or areas with high wind loads, due to the greater external force borne by the insulation system, in order to ensure the firmness of the rock wool board, the number of anchors should be appropriately increased. Some areas even require the number of anchors per square meter to reach? 8 - 10? One. After determining the installation point, use an electric drill to drill holes in the wall and rock wool board. The drilling depth should be slightly greater than the effective anchoring length of the anchor. Generally, the drilling depth should be deeper than the effective anchoring length of the anchor? 5 - 10mm， This can ensure that the anchor can be fully anchored in the wall and provide sufficient anchoring force.

　　3.安装方法：将锚固件插入钻好的孔中，然后使用锤子或专用工具将锚固件的圆盘敲击至与岩棉板表面齐平。在安装过程中，要确保锚固件垂直于墙面，若锚固件倾斜，其锚固力会大打折扣，无法有效抵御外力。同时，要保证锚固牢固，不得出现松动现象。安装完成后，应对锚固件的安装质量进行逐一检查，可通过轻轻晃动锚固件来判断其是否牢固。如有不符合要求的情况，如锚固件松动、倾斜等，应及时返工处理，重新安装，确保每一个锚固件都能发挥其应有的作用。

　　3. Installation method: Insert the anchor into the drilled hole, and then use a hammer or specialized tool to strike the disk of the anchor until it is flush with the surface of the rock wool board. During the installation process, it is important to ensure that the anchor is perpendicular to the wall. If the anchor is tilted, its anchoring force will be greatly reduced and it will not be able to effectively resist external forces. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the anchorage is firm and there should be no looseness. After installation, the installation quality of the anchor components should be checked one by one, and the firmness can be determined by gently shaking the anchor components. If there are any situations that do not meet the requirements, such as loose or tilted anchors, they should be reworked and reinstalled in a timely manner to ensure that each anchor can play its due role.

　　耐碱玻纤网格布铺设

　　Laying of alkali resistant fiberglass mesh cloth

　　1.底层抹面胶浆涂抹：在岩棉板表面均匀涂抹一层厚度约为?2 - 3?毫米的抹面胶浆，涂抹范围应略大于耐碱玻纤网格布的尺寸。抹面胶浆要涂抹得平整、均匀，不得有漏涂或堆积现象。漏涂会导致网格布无法与岩棉板充分粘结，影响墙面的抗裂性能；堆积则会使墙面表面不平整，影响美观。在涂抹过程中，可使用抹子进行反复涂抹、压实，确保抹面胶浆与岩棉板表面紧密结合。

　　1. Application of bottom layer plastering adhesive: Apply a layer of uniform thickness on the surface of the rock wool board? 2 - 3? The application range of millimeter plastering adhesive should be slightly larger than the size of alkali resistant fiberglass mesh cloth. The plastering adhesive should be applied smoothly and evenly, without any omissions or accumulation. Leakage of coating can cause the mesh cloth to fail to fully bond with the rock wool board, affecting the crack resistance of the wall surface; Accumulation will make the wall surface uneven, affecting its appearance. During the application process, a trowel can be used for repeated application and compaction to ensure a tight bond between the plaster and the surface of the rock wool board.

　　2.网格布铺贴：将耐碱玻纤网格布平铺在刚刚涂抹好的抹面胶浆上，从墙面的一端开始，缓慢、平稳地向另一端铺贴。同时，用抹子轻轻按压网格布，使其与抹面胶浆充分贴合，确保网格布平整、无褶皱。褶皱会使网格布在受力时出现应力集中，降低其抗裂效果。在铺贴过程中，要严格注意网格布的搭接宽度，横向搭接宽度不小于?100?毫米，纵向搭接宽度不小于?80?毫米。对于门窗洞口等部位，由于这些部位是墙面应力集中的区域，容易出现裂缝，因此应在洞口周边的网格布上进行加强处理，可采用附加一层网格布的方式，将附加网格布裁剪成合适的尺寸，铺贴在洞口周边，增强洞口处的抗裂性能。

　　2. Grid cloth laying: Lay the alkali resistant fiberglass grid cloth flat on the just applied plaster, starting from one end of the wall and slowly and steadily laying it towards the other end. At the same time, gently press the mesh cloth with a trowel to ensure that it is fully adhered to the plaster adhesive, ensuring that the mesh cloth is flat and wrinkle free. Wrinkles can cause stress concentration in mesh fabric under stress, reducing its crack resistance. During the laying process, strict attention should be paid to the overlap width of the mesh fabric, and the horizontal overlap width should not be less than? 100? Millimeters, with a longitudinal overlap width of not less than? 80 millimeters. For areas such as door and window openings, as these are stress concentrated areas on the wall, cracks are prone to occur. Therefore, reinforcement treatment should be carried out on the mesh cloth around the opening. An additional layer of mesh cloth can be used to cut the additional mesh cloth to a suitable size and lay it around the opening to enhance its crack resistance.

　　3.面层抹面胶浆涂抹：在网格布铺贴完成后，再涂抹一层厚度约为?1 - 2?毫米的抹面胶浆，将网格布完全覆盖。面层抹面胶浆要涂抹均匀，表面应平整光滑，不得有网格布外露现象。网格布外露会使其在外界环境的侵蚀下逐渐损坏，失去抗裂作用。涂抹完成后，要对墙面进行整体检查，使用靠尺检查墙面的平整度，观察表面是否有漏涂、气泡等问题。如有不平整或漏涂的地方，应及时进行修补，确保墙面的质量和美观。

　　3. Application of surface coating adhesive: After the grid cloth is laid, apply another layer with a thickness of about? 1 - 2? Apply millimeter sized plaster to completely cover the mesh cloth. The surface coating adhesive should be evenly applied, and the surface should be smooth and even without any exposed mesh cloth. The exposed mesh fabric will gradually damage and lose its crack resistance under the erosion of the external environment. After the application is completed, a comprehensive inspection of the wall should be carried out, using a ruler to check the flatness of the wall and observe whether there are any issues such as missed coating or bubbles on the surface. If there are any unevenness or missing areas, they should be repaired in a timely manner to ensure the quality and aesthetics of the wall.

　　施工注意事项气候条件

　　Construction precautions: Climate conditions

　　1.温度要求：施工时的环境温度对粘结剂和抹面胶浆的固化效果有着至关重要的影响。适宜的施工温度范围为?5℃ - 35℃。当环境温度低于?5℃时，粘结剂和抹面胶浆中的水分会冻结，导致固化反应无法正常进行，其固化速度会明显减慢，甚至可能出现无法固化的情况。这将严重影响保温系统的粘结强度，使岩棉板与墙体之间的连接不牢固，在使用过程中容易出现脱落风险，危及人员安全。因此，在低温环境下施工时，必须采取相应的保温措施，如在施工现场搭建暖棚，使用暖风机等设备对施工区域进行加热，将施工环境温度提升至适宜范围，确保粘结剂和抹面胶浆能够正常固化，保证保温系统的质量。

　　1. Temperature requirement: The ambient temperature during construction has a crucial impact on the curing effect of the adhesive and plaster. What is the appropriate temperature range for construction? 5 ℃ -35 ℃. When the ambient temperature is below? At 5 ℃, the moisture in the adhesive and plaster slurry will freeze, causing the curing reaction to not proceed normally, and the curing speed will significantly slow down, and there may even be situations where it cannot be cured. This will seriously affect the bonding strength of the insulation system, making the connection between the rock wool board and the wall unstable, and posing a risk of detachment during use, endangering personnel safety. Therefore, corresponding insulation measures must be taken during construction in low-temperature environments, such as building a warm shed on the construction site, using equipment such as a heater to heat the construction area, raising the temperature of the construction environment to a suitable range, ensuring that the adhesive and plaster can cure normally, and ensuring the quality of the insulation system.

　　2.雨天和大风天施工禁忌：雨水对未固化的粘结剂和抹面胶浆具有极强的冲刷作用。在施工过程中，若遇到降雨，雨水会迅速冲刷掉尚未固化的粘结剂和抹面胶浆，导致材料大量流失，严重降低粘结效果。同时，雨水还会使岩棉板受潮，岩棉板一旦受潮，其内部纤维结构会被破坏，保温性能大幅下降，且长期受潮还会加速岩棉板的老化，缩短其使用寿命。

　　2. Construction taboos on rainy and windy days: Rainwater has a strong scouring effect on uncured adhesives and plaster. During the construction process, if there is rainfall, the rainwater will quickly wash away the uncured adhesive and plaster, causing a large amount of material loss and seriously reducing the bonding effect. At the same time, rainwater can also make the rock wool board damp. Once the rock wool board is damp, its internal fiber structure will be damaged, and its insulation performance will be greatly reduced. Long term dampness can also accelerate the aging of the rock wool board and shorten its service life.

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