北方气候寒冷，保温系统的质量与性能在北方住宅建筑中非常重要。不仅要考虑到保温系统的保温性能，还要兼顾防火性能、施工工艺等多方面因素。建筑材料在不断的更新换代，不断有新材料出现，在众多的种类中，相较于价格，性能是更应该考虑的问题。随着科技的发展进步，保温系统的种类也在不断的增加，不同的建筑类型需要配置不同的保温系统，建筑与保温相匹配，才能达到良好的保温效果。传统的聚苯板外保温系统在历经了多年的检验中发现，其虽然保温性能稳定，但是防火性能方面却不尽人意。

　　The climate in the north is cold, and the quality and performance of insulation systems are very important in residential buildings in the north. Not only should the insulation performance of the insulation system be considered, but also multiple factors such as fire resistance and construction technology should be taken into account. Building materials are constantly being updated and new materials are emerging. Among the many types, performance should be considered more than price. With the development and progress of technology, the types of insulation systems are constantly increasing. Different types of buildings require different insulation systems to be configured. Only by matching the building with insulation can good insulation effects be achieved. The traditional polystyrene board external insulation system has been tested for many years and found that although its insulation performance is stable, its fire resistance is not satisfactory.

　　近年来，我国发生的多起严重高层住宅火灾，很多都是因为外保温材料防火性能不达标而引起的。对此，国家政府部门对于高层建筑外保温系统的防火性能做出了明确的规定：对于人员密集的公共建筑，高度在100m以上的住宅和高度在50m以上的公共建筑，必须采用A级不燃的保温材料，强制执行，不得违规。在实际的工程应用中，我们选用的A级不燃的保温材料多为岩棉，岩棉也是高层住宅中应用最多，性价比最高的保温材料。与聚苯板保温系统相较而言，岩棉具有其独特的优势。但是也因为材料本身的特殊性，我们在工程使用中，也必须考虑到其与工程性能是否相适应。在实际工程中，岩棉作为A级不燃的保温材料在高层住宅保温系统中被广泛推荐采用。相比较聚苯板保温系统，岩棉具有自身的材料特性，施工时必须充分考虑其工程适宜性能。市场上存在不同类型矿物棉保温材料及产品，如何在实际应用中选择合适的保温材料、保温产品、保温系统，本文从生产工艺、材料特性、适用范围等方面对几个常见问题进行了对比说明和分析。

　　In recent years, many serious high-rise residential fires have occurred in China, many of which are caused by the inadequate fire resistance of external insulation materials. In this regard, the national government has made clear regulations on the fire performance of external insulation systems for high-rise buildings: for densely populated public buildings, residential buildings with a height of over 100m, and public buildings with a height of over 50m, A-level non combustible insulation materials must be used and enforced, and no violations are allowed. In practical engineering applications, the A-grade non combustible insulation material we choose is mostly rock wool, which is also the most commonly used and cost-effective insulation material in high-rise residential buildings. Compared with polystyrene board insulation systems, rock wool has its unique advantages. However, due to the particularity of the material itself, we must also consider whether it is compatible with the engineering performance in engineering use. In practical engineering, rock wool is widely recommended as an A-grade non combustible insulation material in high-rise residential insulation systems. Compared to polystyrene board insulation systems, rock wool has its own material characteristics, and its engineering suitability must be fully considered during construction. There are different types of mineral wool insulation materials and products in the market. How to choose suitable insulation materials, insulation products, and insulation systems in practical applications? This article compares and analyzes several common problems from the aspects of production technology, material characteristics, and application scope.

　　岩棉与矿渣棉

　　Rock wool and slag wool

　　岩棉与矿渣棉在本质上都属于矿物棉,二者之间在生产工艺、纤维形态、耐碱性、导热系数、不燃性等方面都非常相似。一般我们也习惯将岩棉和矿渣棉统称为矿棉,很多人也会因此认为两者是同一种东西。甚至有很多人觉得矿渣棉外观看上去色泽洁白，相比于岩棉的灰绿色，白色自然更让人觉得“纯净”。实际上这是一个认知上的误区，虽然二者都属于矿物棉的范畴,但也还客观上存在一些不同之处。而之所以会存在差异，其主要原因是因为二者所包含的原料成份是不同的。1.1岩棉与矿渣棉化学成份及酸度系数的比较在我国,矿渣棉的主要原料通常为高炉渣或其它冶金炉渣,而岩棉的主要原料则为玄武岩或辉绿岩,它们的化学成份存在很大的差异。通常我们在对岩棉与矿棉进行区分时，主要看二者的酸度系数，这也是将二者区分开来的主要标准。酸度系数指的是产品中酸性氧化物之和与碱性氧化物之和的比值，也可以称之为酸碱系数。表示为MK=(二氧化硅+三氧化二铝)/（氧化钙+氧化镁）。判断标准以1.6为界，1.6以上（包括1.6）为岩棉，低于1.6则为矿渣棉。酸度系数越大，则岩棉和矿渣棉的化学耐久性越好。岩棉因为酸度系数高于矿渣棉，所以化学稳定性更好，更耐高温。岩棉的pH值一般＜4，矿渣棉的pH值一般＞5，甚至＞6。1.2岩棉与矿渣棉主要性能的差异因为岩棉与矿渣棉之间化学成份的不同，酸度系数也有明显差别,因此在性能方面自然也存在差别。在耐水性方面，岩棉优于矿渣棉，因此在潮湿环境中使用岩棉更为适宜。岩棉使用温度可达800℃以上，软化温度高达900℃~1000℃。而矿渣棉在675℃就很容易产生粉化而解体，因此矿渣棉的使用温度必须要控制在675℃以下。岩棉的导热系数0.037~0.039W/M·K矿渣棉的导热系数要略高一些。

　　Rock wool and slag wool are essentially mineral wool, and they are very similar in terms of production process, fiber morphology, alkali resistance, thermal conductivity, and non flammability. Generally, we also commonly refer to rock wool and slag wool as mineral wool, and many people may think that the two are the same thing because of this. Many people even think that slag wool looks white when viewed from the outside, and compared to the gray green color of rock wool, white naturally makes people feel "pure". In fact, this is a cognitive misconception. Although both belong to the category of mineral wool, there are still some objective differences. The main reason for the difference is that the raw material components contained in the two are different. 1.1 Comparison of Chemical Composition and Acidity Coefficient between Rock Wool and Slag Wool In China, the main raw materials for slag wool are usually blast furnace slag or other metallurgical slag, while the main raw materials for rock wool are basalt or diabase, with significant differences in their chemical composition. Usually, when distinguishing between rock wool and mineral wool, we mainly look at their acidity coefficients, which are also the main criteria for distinguishing between the two. The acidity coefficient refers to the ratio of the sum of acidic oxides to the sum of alkaline oxides in a product, also known as the acid-base coefficient. Expressed as MK=(silica+alumina)/(calcium oxide+magnesium oxide). The judgment standard is based on 1.6, with rock wool above 1.6 (including 1.6) and slag wool below 1.6. The higher the acidity coefficient, the better the chemical durability of rock wool and slag wool. Rock wool has better chemical stability and is more resistant to high temperatures due to its higher acidity coefficient than slag wool. The pH value of rock wool is generally<4, and the pH value of slag wool is generally>5, or even>6. 1.2 The main performance differences between rock wool and slag wool are due to the different chemical compositions and acidity coefficients between rock wool and slag wool, so there are naturally differences in performance. In terms of water resistance, rock wool is superior to slag wool, so it is more suitable to use rock wool in humid environments. Rock wool can be used at temperatures above 800 ℃, with softening temperatures ranging from 900 ℃ to 1000 ℃. However, slag cotton is prone to pulverization and disintegration at 675 ℃, so the use temperature of slag cotton must be controlled below 675 ℃. The thermal conductivity of rock wool is 0.037-0.039W/M · K, while the thermal conductivity of slag wool is slightly higher.

　　本文由 济南岩棉板  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.jnhxtcg.com/   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan rock wool board For more related knowledge, please click http://www.jnhxtcg.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.