防火岩棉板的防火性能源于材料构成与结构设计的协同作用，这种以天然矿石为原料的无机板材，通过多重机制阻断火势蔓延，是建筑消防安全的重要保障。

　　The fire resistance of fire-resistant rock wool board lies in the synergistic effect of material composition and structural design. This inorganic board made from natural ore blocks the spread of fire through multiple mechanisms, which is an important guarantee for building fire safety.

　　材料构成的不燃性基础

　　Non combustible basis composed of materials

　　防火岩棉板以玄武岩、辉绿岩等天然火成岩为核心原料，这些矿石富含二氧化硅、氧化铝等无机氧化物，熔融温度达 1500℃以上，远超一般建筑火灾 800-1200℃的温度范围。生产时，原料经 1400-1600℃高温熔融后制成直径 5-10 微米的纤维，保留了原料的无机特性，自身不具备可燃性。

　　Fireproof rock wool board is made from natural igneous rocks such as basalt and diabase, which are rich in inorganic oxides such as silica and alumina. The melting temperature can reach over 1500 ℃, far exceeding the temperature range of 800-1200 ℃ for general building fires. During production, the raw materials are melted at a high temperature of 1400-1600 ℃ to produce fibers with a diameter of 5-10 microns, retaining the inorganic properties of the raw materials and not possessing flammability.

　　与有机保温材料不同，防火岩棉板不含可燃成分，高温下不会分解产生易燃气体，仅会熔融软化而不发生明火燃烧。这种源于材料本质的不燃性，使其成为 A 级不燃材料，奠定了防火功能的根本基础。

　　Unlike organic insulation materials, fireproof rock wool board does not contain flammable components and will not decompose to produce flammable gases at high temperatures. It will only melt and soften without burning with an open flame. This inherent non flammability of the material makes it an A-level non combustible material, laying the fundamental foundation for its fire resistance function.

　　纤维结构的隔热阻火机制

　　Thermal insulation and fire resistance mechanism of fiber structure

　　多孔纤维结构是其隔热防火的关键。熔融纤维经交织成网，形成大量 50-200 微米的空气孔隙，这些被纤维分隔的独立空间构成高效隔热屏障。空气与纤维的低导热系数结合，使岩棉板整体导热系数低至 0.035-0.045W/(mK)，有效阻断热量传递。

　　The porous fiber structure is the key to its thermal insulation and fire prevention. Molten fibers are interwoven into a network, forming a large number of air pores ranging from 50-200 microns. These independent spaces separated by fibers form an efficient thermal barrier. The combination of low thermal conductivity of air and fibers reduces the overall thermal conductivity of rock wool board to 0.035-0.045W/(mK), effectively blocking heat transfer.

　　火灾中，这种结构通过三重机制作用：纤维骨架阻挡火焰直接穿透，空气孔隙限制热对流，纤维高温稳定性维持结构完整。50mm 厚的岩棉板可将 1000℃火焰温度降至背面 300℃以下，为救援争取时间。

　　In a fire, this structure works through a triple mechanism: the fiber skeleton blocks direct flame penetration, air pores limit heat convection, and the fiber maintains structural integrity at high temperatures. A 50mm thick rock wool board can lower the flame temperature from 1000 ℃ to below 300 ℃ on the back, buying time for rescue efforts.

　　烟气控制与结构防护

　　Smoke control and structural protection

　　防火岩棉板的无机成分在高温下不分解，不会释放甲醛、苯系物等有毒气体，减少烟气危害。相比之下，有机材料燃烧产生的烟气是火灾伤亡主因，岩棉板能显著改善火场环境。

　　The inorganic components of fire-resistant rock wool board do not decompose at high temperatures and do not release toxic gases such as formaldehyde and benzene, reducing the harm of smoke. In contrast, the smoke generated by the combustion of organic materials is the main cause of fire casualties, and rock wool board can significantly improve the fire environment.

　　对建筑结构而言，它通过延缓钢结构升温发挥保护作用。钢结构在 500℃以上强度骤降，100mm 厚岩棉板可将其耐火极限提升至 1.5 小时以上，满足多数建筑防火标准。在墙体、楼板中，岩棉板夹芯构造能阻止火焰穿透，控制火灾蔓延。

　　For building structures, it plays a protective role by delaying the temperature rise of steel structures. The strength of steel structures drops sharply above 500 ℃, and 100mm thick rock wool boards can increase their fire resistance limit to over 1.5 hours, meeting most building fire prevention standards. In walls and floors, the rock wool sandwich structure can prevent flame penetration and control the spread of fire.

　　增强设计与应用逻辑

　　Enhance design and application logic

　　部分产品添加氢氧化镁等无机阻燃剂，高温下分解吸热并释放水汽稀释氧气，提升防火效能。高密度型号（≥120kg/m）结构稳定，适合防火墙等关键部位，表面复合防火涂层或铝箔贴面可进一步增强防护。

　　Some products are added with inorganic flame retardants such as magnesium hydroxide, which decompose and absorb heat at high temperatures, releasing water vapor to dilute oxygen and enhance fire resistance. High density models (≥ 120kg/m) have stable structures and are suitable for critical areas such as firewalls. The surface is coated with composite fire-resistant coatings or aluminum foil veneers to further enhance protection.

　　实际应用中，外墙保温系统利用其不燃性阻断火焰蔓延，吊顶夹层中形成水平防火分隔带。人员密集场所应用侧重延缓火势，为疏散创造条件；工业建筑中则用于设备防火包裹，降低火灾风险。

　　In practical applications, the external wall insulation system uses its non flammability to block the spread of flames, forming a horizontal fireproof partition in the ceiling interlayer. The application in densely populated areas focuses on slowing down the fire and creating conditions for evacuation; In industrial buildings, it is used for fire-resistant packaging of equipment to reduce the risk of fire.

　　防火岩棉板的防火原理是材料本质、结构特性与工艺设计的协同结果，平衡保温与防火需求，在建筑安全体系中不可或缺，其性能还将随技术升级持续提升。

　　The fire prevention principle of fireproof rock wool board is the collaborative result of material essence, structural characteristics, and process design, balancing insulation and fire prevention requirements. It is indispensable in the building safety system, and its performance will continue to improve with technological upgrades.

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